Substract
- Author
- Leidy Klotz
- Year
- 2021

Leidy Klotz's 'Subtract: The Untapped Science of Less' examines why people instinctively add rather than remove when solving problems, tracing the bias to biology, culture and economics before turning to practical ways of spotting when subtraction is the better move. It applies as much to personal decisions and organisations as it does to design.
Klotz's argument that we systematically overlook subtraction — that removing can be as powerful as adding, whether we're dismantling racism or healing the planet. A counter-intuitive lens on the SDF's Social-Responsibility motto: sometimes the responsible design is the one that takes away.
Published as 'Subtract: The Untapped Science of Less', the book draws on Leidy Klotz's own research showing that people instinctively reach for addition when solving a problem, even when removing something would work better. The first half examines the biological, cultural and economic reasons behind that bias toward adding; the second turns to practical ways of recognising and acting on opportunities to subtract, in personal decisions, design work and organisational strategy alike.
Where to find it
In the framework
- Partners Component
- Social Responsibility
Books and references