"Declaration by Design: An Invitation to the New Liberal Arts" (Richard Buchanan)

A medieval illuminated manuscript illustration of robed figures arranged in circular bands around a central enthroned figure.
Herrad of Landsberg, via Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)
Design theorist Richard Buchanan's 1985 essay "Declaration by Design" argued that everything designers make, from objects to systems, is really an argument about how people should live.
An essay by design theorist Richard Buchanan (Carnegie Mellon, later Case Western Reserve), published in Design Issues vol. 2 no. 1 in 1985 under the full title Declaration by Design: Rhetoric, Argument, and Demonstration in Design Practice. It argues that designed things are arguments about how people should live, persuading through technological reasoning, character and emotion rather than words, and it laid the ground for Buchanan's later four orders of design: symbols, things, actions and environments. As Richard Buchanan articulated in "Declaration by Design: An Invitation to the New Liberal Arts," design outcomes can range from symbolic communication and material objects to activities, services, and complex systems or environments.

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  • Outcomes Component

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  • Chapter 16, section 154 · Our creations (What?)

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